Identifying who the real rivals are—often, they aren't companies making the same product, but companies fulfilling the same symbolic need. Why It Remains Relevant

Alberto L. Wilensky's " Marketing Estratégico " is a seminal work that shifts the focus of marketing from purely functional attributes to the . Wilensky argues that consumers don't just buy products for what they do, but for what they mean , often driven by unconscious and irrational desires. Key Themes of the Report