: To elevate the person you are talking about.
Used for commands and restrictions , often seen on signs or in highly informal male speech. 3. Keigo: Honorific and Humble Speech (Lessons 49–50)
Why? The official grammar companion for Volume 2 is a separate book titled "Minna no Nihongo Shokyu II Dai 2-Han Honyaku / Bunka Kaisetsu" (Translation & Grammatical Notes). It is sold by language (e.g., English version, Vietnamese version).
Describing actions from different perspectives or making/letting someone do something. 尊敬語 (Honorific), 謙譲語 (Humble)
Several Japanese teaching websites offer detailed breakdowns for each lesson. Bookmark these: