There are two main techniques used to achieve this state, both of which are detailed in Rajagopalan's " Prestressed Concrete

The core philosophy explained by Rajagopalan is the concept of "pre-compression." In a standard beam, loads cause the bottom fibers to stretch (tension). Concrete is weak in tension and cracks.

: Discusses the force flow and critical stresses at the anchorage zones where the prestressing force is transferred to the concrete. Vardhaman College of Engineering Guide to Available Versions

If you are considering adding this to your digital library, here is what you can expect inside the PDF:

by N. Rajagopalan is a definitive textbook used extensively by civil engineering students and practicing structural engineers to master the principles of prestressing. This guide provides a comprehensive overview of the book's core concepts, structural applications, and the distinct features introduced in its latest editions. Core Concepts and Principles

Post-tensioning

Plain concrete is exceptionally strong in compression but very weak in tension. When subjected to bending loads, the bottom of a beam stretches (tension) and cracks easily. 2. The Prestressing Solution