According to Stark, PLM is "the business activity of managing, in the most effective way, a company's products all the way across their lifecycles." It is not an IT project; it is a business imperative. Stark posits that in the 21st century, the product itself is the primary value carrier, and therefore, managing that product's entire existence—from the "spark" of an idea to retirement and recycling—is the most critical determinant of business success. This shift in perspective—from managing documents to managing the product lifecycle—is the central thesis of his writing.
: The physical infrastructure required for realization. product lifecycle management john stark pdf
: Establishing a clear vision and metrics for product performance. According to Stark, PLM is "the business activity